Bliss

Bliss, originally known as Bucolic Green Hills, is a wallpaper included in Windows XP, fully bought from Corbis by Microsoft for use as XP's main branding image. It depicts a green hill in Sonoma County, California, USA, just after the rain had went off. It was taken by Charles O'Rear in January 1996 while visiting his girlfriend. O'Rear also took Red moon desert, along with the wallpaper used in the Blackcomb UI demo.

History
Stock photographer Charles O'Rear was visiting his girlfriend Daphne Irwin in January 1996. He stopped by to take a few pictures of the hills with his Mamiya RZ67 medium-format camera, including Bliss itself. During this time the hill appeared to be greener than usual as a storm had just passed and there had been other frequent winter rains. Along with that, the vineyards had been removed from the field due to a phylloxera infection; both factors combined made it the perfect opportunity to take a memorable, dream-like photo. He would submit it to the Westlight stock photo agency (which he co-founded with Craig Aurness, who took the XP Beta sample picture Surfer) under the name of Bucolic Green Hills (with an ID of 71810), along with a vertical variant (ID of 71811). In 1998, Bill Gates-owned Corbis would buy Westlight, incorporating their photos into their stock photo library.

In 2000, Microsoft contacted O'Rear via Corbis about purchasing the photo. With Bliss, Microsoft went a step further than merely licensing it: they bought the full rights to the image meaning no company would ever be able to license the photo from Corbis again, as the image is supposed to represent XP itself. Although Red moon desert, also taken by O'Rear, was allegedly being considered as the default wallpaper, they settled with Bliss due to Red moon desert's resemblance to buttocks. It was purchased for an undisclosed amount of money in the low six figures; O'Rear cannot reveal the exact amount without violating a non disclosure agreement. As Microsoft had now become the image's owner, O'Rear had to send them the original film along with paperwork. As the cost was so high, delivery services refused to send it, so Microsoft had to buy O'Rear a flight to their offices, where he delivered the film in person. Several Microsoft employees asked him for 10x8" prints of Bliss.

For many years, the location of Bliss was unknown to the general public. There was a wide range of guesses as to where it was taken, including France, England, Switzerland, the North Otago region of New Zealand, southeastern Washington, Ireland, and the Alentejo region of Portugal; the latter two are a result of Dutch XP naming it "Ireland" and Portuguese XP naming it "Alentejo" respectively. Some users also speculated it was not even a real photo at all.

The photo is virtually unedited contrary to popular belief, as many people believe that it was a digital composite image of a hill combined with a separate sky photo. Microsoft are often believed to have cropped the hill and added extra saturation, however the former was done by O'Rear himself when submitting the image to Westlight and the image was already saturated to begin with due to O'Rear using the Velvia film. The original 4510x3627 TIF has also surfaced as it was available from Fujifilm's site. It appears this was the exact same copy that Microsoft purchased from Corbis, as it contains Corbis metadata and uses the Corbis RGB format (which has a rather problematic color space).

In 2019, a Redditor asked O'Rear if he could make the vertical version available in high res, as the copy on Corbis Westlight Creative Freedom CD-ROM is low res and heavily compressed. O'Rear explained that Microsoft also owns the rights to it, and he is bitter that he can't release it.

Legacy
As the default wallpaper of Windows XP, Bliss has become iconic in online culture. Several meme edits of Bliss have been made, along with tribute photos inspired by the original. It also has the most detailed backstory out of Windows wallpapers as a whole, as a result of its popularity and the circumstances regarding it being shot to begin with.

Bliss also holds a special place in O'Rear's heart. Not only is it his most successful image, it was also taken when visiting his girlfriend. When O'Rear gave Microsoft his phone number, he hoped that they would call him to take a photo for Windows 8. Unfortunately, this did not happen; it is unknown who took most of 8's photos.

Alternate shots
There are at least four alternate shots of Bliss taken by O'Rear himself.


 * A version similar to the normal version albeit in 3:2 or 4:3 and has a hill that is mostly cropped in the Windows XP version. It also appears to be brighter than the original
 * A vertical version with a slightly darker sky, also submitted to Westlight. It appears that Microsoft have bought the rights to this too
 * A version with a darker sky and grass along with different clouds, available on O'Rear's PhotoShelter
 * A vertical version of the one above, available on O'Rear's PhotoShelter

Screensaver
In 2001, Microsoft created a screensaver version of Bliss with different, animated clouds. Only the top of the hill is present, as the rest has been cropped off.

Windows Energy Bliss
The default wallpaper of Windows XP Media Center Edition 2005. It is based on the original, but with a noticeably different sky, clouds and several light effects have been added, giving it a more modern, digital look. It has also been cropped to only include the top of the hill, like with the screensaver version. It is at 1600x1200, compared to 800x600 used by XP's wallpapers.

Later shots
The photographic duo Goldin+Senneby would take a picture of the hill in November 2006 titled After Microsoft, showing that the view is now covered in grapevines again.

During 2017 a few photos of the hill were taken. The situation has not changed, as the hill is still covered in grapevines.